# Badinerie, Orchestral Suite No. 2 in B minor, BWV 1067, by Johann Sebastian Bach - https://lab.glossema.dev/play/badinerie/code
# It plays the notes of https://lab.glossema.dev/play/badinerie, tone for tone.
# A solo flute over the continuo in 2/4, one unbroken line from the upbeat to the final B.
# Bach's flute part, as the Bach-Gesellschaft edition prints it, is written below bar by bar
# and read as it plays. The continuo taps on every downbeat, the ornaments sound just before
# their notes, each half is played twice, and a fermata closes the piece.
{
  # A thirty-second lasts 60 ms: the quarter at 125 beats a minute
  :local unit 60ms

  # The pitch of each note in Hz: the flute's, then the continuo's, in the octave from C3 to B3
  :local hz {
    "F#4"=370; "G4"=392; "A4"=440; "A#4"=466; "B4"=494; "C5"=523; "C#5"=554; "D5"=587; "D#5"=622;
    "E5"=659; "F5"=698; "F#5"=740; "G5"=784; "G#5"=831; "A5"=880; "B5"=988; "C#6"=1109; "D6"=1175;
    "C#3"=139; "D3"=147; "E3"=165; "F#3"=185; "G3"=196; "G#3"=208; "A3"=220; "A#3"=233; "B3"=247
  }

  # How long each note value sounds, the value in thirty-seconds: an eighth (4) sounds
  # for 200 ms of its 240 ms slot, and the rest of the slot is silence
  :local tone {"1"=50ms; "2"=105ms; "4"=200ms; "8"=430ms; "10"=560ms; "12"=680ms}

  # The eight ornaments, each a short tone just before its note, listed by part and bar:
  # the onset of that note, then the note the ornament sounds. Six trills, each sounded as
  # its upper neighbour, and the two small printed graces (bar 17 of B and the close of B)
  :local ornaments {
    "A 8"={"0"; "E5"}; "A 10"={"0"; "G#5"}; "A 15"={"12"; "A5"}; "B 11"={"12"; "F#5"};
    "B 14"={"0"; "G5"}; "B 16"={"0"; "F#5"}; "B 17"={"0"; "A5"}; "B close 1"={"0"; "C#5"}
  }

  # The fermata holds the last bar for 1260 ms, its B sounding to the end
  :local fermata 1260ms

  # The flute part, bar by bar: each note is its name, then onset/value in thirty-seconds.
  # A bar that opens on a downbeat first names the continuo's note under it.
  :local music {
    "A upbeat"={"B5 0/4  D6 4/2  B5 6/2"};
    "A"={
      "D3: F#5 0/4  B5 4/2  F#5 6/2  D5 8/4  F#5 12/2  D5 14/2";
      "B3: B4 0/8  F#4 8/2  B4 10/2  D5 12/2  B4 14/2";
      "E3: C#5 0/2  B4 2/2  C#5 4/2  B4 6/2  A#4 8/2  C#5 10/2  E5 12/2  C#5 14/2";
      "B2: D5 0/4  B4 4/4  B5 8/4  D6 12/2  B5 14/2";
      "D3: F#5 0/4  B5 4/2  F#5 6/2  D5 8/4  F#5 12/2  D5 14/2";
      "B3: B4 0/8  D5 8/4  D5 12/4";
      "G#3: D5 0/4  D5 4/4  B5 8/4  D5 12/4";
      "A3: D5 0/4  C#5 4/4  F#5 8/4  F#5 12/4";
      "B3: F#5 0/4  F#5 4/4  D6 8/4  F#5 12/4";
      "C#4: F#5 0/4  F5 4/4  C#5 8/2  F#5 10/2  A5 12/2  F#5 14/2";
      "B3: G#5 0/2  F#5 2/2  G#5 4/2  F#5 6/2  F5 8/2  G#5 10/2  B5 12/2  G#5 14/2";
      "F#3: A5 0/2  G#5 2/2  A5 4/2  G#5 6/2  F#5 8/2  A5 10/2  F#5 12/2  F5 14/2";
      "D3: F#5 0/2  B5 2/2  F#5 4/2  F5 6/2  F#5 8/2  C#6 10/2  F#5 12/2  F5 14/2";
      "B2: F#5 0/2  D6 2/2  F#5 4/2  F5 6/2  F#5 8/2  D6 10/2  C#6 12/2  B5 14/2";
      "A3: C#6 0/2  A5 2/2  G#5 4/2  F#5 6/2  A5 8/4  G#5 12/4"
    };
    "A close"={"F#3: F#5 0/8"};
    "B upbeat"={"F#5 0/4  A5 4/2  F#5 6/2"};
    "B"={
      "A2: C#5 0/4  F#5 4/2  C#5 6/2  A4 8/4  C#5 12/2  A4 14/2";
      "F#3: F#4 0/8  C5 8/4  B4 12/4";
      "B2: E5 0/4  D#5 4/2  F#5 6/2  A5 8/4  G5 12/2  F#5 14/2";
      "E3: G5 0/4  E5 4/4  G5 8/4  B5 12/2  G5 14/2";
      "C#3: E5 0/4  G5 4/2  E5 6/2  C#5 8/4  E5 12/2  C#5 14/2";
      "G3: A4 0/10  D5 10/2  F#5 12/2  D5 14/2";
      "G3: E5 0/2  D5 2/2  E5 4/2  D5 6/2  C#5 8/2  E5 10/2  G5 12/2  E5 14/2";
      "D3: F#5 0/2  E5 2/2  F#5 4/2  E5 6/2  D5 8/2  F#5 10/2  D5 12/2  C#5 14/2";
      "B2: D5 0/2  G5 2/2  D5 4/2  C#5 6/2  D5 8/2  A5 10/2  D5 12/2  C#5 14/2";
      "G2: D5 0/2  B5 2/2  D5 4/2  C#5 6/2  D5 8/2  B5 10/2  A5 12/2  G5 14/2";
      "F#3: A5 0/2  F#5 2/2  E5 4/2  D5 6/2  F#5 8/4  E5 12/4";
      "D3: D5 0/8  F#5 8/4  F#5 12/4";
      "F#3: F#5 0/4  F#5 4/4  D6 8/4  F#5 12/4";
      "A3: F#5 0/4  E5 4/4  E5 8/4  E5 12/4";
      "A#3: E5 0/4  E5 4/4  C#6 8/4  E5 12/4";
      "B3: E5 0/4  D5 4/4  B5 8/4  D6 12/2  B5 14/2";
      "E3: G5 0/12  B5 12/1  A5 13/1  G5 14/1  F#5 15/1";
      "E3: E5 0/12  G5 12/1  F#5 13/1  E5 14/1  D5 15/1";
      "E3: C5 0/2  E5 2/2  G5 4/2  E5 6/2  C5 8/2  B4 10/2  C5 12/2  B4 14/2";
      "E3: A#4 0/4  F#4 4/4  G4 8/4  F#4 12/4";
      "F#3: B4 0/4  A#4 4/2  C#5 6/2  E5 8/4  D5 12/2  C#5 14/2";
      "B3: D5 0/4  B4 4/1  C#5 5/1  D5 6/1  E5 7/1  F#5 8/4  D5 12/2  F#5 14/2";
      "D3: B5 0/4  F#5 4/4  E5 8/2  D5 10/2  C#5 12/2  D5 14/2"
    };
    "B close"={"B2: B4 0/8"}
  }

  # share: one flute note, with the continuo's tap and its ornament paid out of its slot.
  # A tap or an ornament (0 when the note has none) sounds 25 ms and takes 30,
  # and the flute note has the rest.
  :local share do={
    :local spent 0ms
    :if ($tap > 0) do={
      :beep frequency=$tap length=25ms
      :delay 30ms
      :set spent 30ms
    }
    :if ($ornament > 0) do={
      :beep frequency=$ornament length=25ms
      :delay 30ms
      :set spent ($spent + 30ms)
    }
    :beep frequency=$note length=($length - $spent)
    :delay ($slot - $spent)
  }

  # The form: each half twice, and every pass its upbeat, its bars and its close
  :foreach title,half in={"First half"="A"; "Second half"="B"} do={
    :foreach pass in={$title; "$title again"} do={
      :put $pass
      :foreach part in={"$half upbeat"; $half; "$half close"} do={
        :local bar 0
        :foreach text in=($music->$part) do={
          :set bar ($bar + 1)
          # the bar's ornament, if it has one: the onset of its note and its pitch
          :local ornamentAt ""
          :local ornamentHz 0
          :foreach where,mark in=$ornaments do={
            :if ($where = "$part $bar") do={
              :set ornamentAt ($mark->0)
              :set ornamentHz ($hz->($mark->1))
            }
          }
          # the continuo's note, if the bar names one, moved into the octave from C3 to B3
          :local continuo 0
          :local notes $text
          :local colon [:find ($text . ":") ":"]
          :if ($colon < [:len $text]) do={
            :set continuo ($hz->([:pick $text 0 ($colon - 1)] . "3"))
            :set notes [:pick $text ($colon + 2) [:len $text]]
          }
          # then the flute's notes, one at a time, each followed by two spaces
          :set notes ($notes . "  ")
          :local start 0
          :while ($start < [:len $notes]) do={
            :local space [:find $notes " " $start]
            :local slash [:find $notes "/" $start]
            :local gap [:find $notes "  " $start]
            :local name [:pick $notes $start $space]
            :local onset [:pick $notes ($space + 1) $slash]
            :local value [:pick $notes ($slash + 1) $gap]
            :set start ($gap + 2)
            # the continuo taps on the downbeat
            :local tap 0
            :if ($onset = "0") do={ :set tap $continuo }
            # the ornament, if this note has one
            :local ornament 0
            :if ($onset = $ornamentAt) do={ :set ornament $ornamentHz }
            # the note's tone and slot; on the last pass the close is the fermata
            :local length ($tone->$value)
            :local slot ($unit * [:tonum $value])
            :if (($pass = "Second half again") && ($part = "B close")) do={
              :set length $fermata
              :set slot $fermata
            }
            $share tap=$tap ornament=$ornament note=($hz->$name) length=$length slot=$slot
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}